Impact of Foreign Direct Investment on Economic Growth of Pakistan | Asian Journal of Economics, Finance and Management,

Impact of foreign direct investment on economic growth of Pakistan has been discussed in this paper. This paper used the data for the time period 1996 to 2015 and statistical techniques, i.e., correlation matrix and regression analysis have been used to see the effect of independent variable (FDI, exports, domestic capital, index of human capital and No. of terrorist attacks) on the dependent variable GDP. The result shows that there is a significant relationship between foreign direct investment and gross domestic product of the country. Other independent variables like exports, domestic capital, Index of human capital and No. of terrorist attacks also affects the economic development of the country. Expanded exports, more domestic capital and good human capital support the economic growth and government should try to eradicate terrorism for attracting more foreign investment.

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Effect of Rehydration Methods on Sensitivity of Desiccated-frozen Groundnut Seeds | Asian Research Journal of Current Science,

A two groundnut genotypes (Barberton and ICGV121) were used in this study to investigate the effect of different rehydration methods on sensitivity of desiccated frozen seeds on seed viability improvement. Desiccated-frozen seeds of the two genotypes were rehydrated using pre-humidification and pre-heating in contrast to directly sown seeds to determined Sensitivity of desiccated-frozen seeds under these different rehydration treatments. Germination percentages of desiccated-frozen seeds as influenced by rehydration treatments were detected. Seed desiccation sensitivity, (designated as WC50) was obtained using the Quantal Quadric response model. The results showed that, rehydration treatments decreased the sensitivity of desiccated-frozen seeds especially when the initial rate of water uptake is slow to avoid the deleterious imbibitions injury.

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A Dynamic Voltage Restorer (DVR) For Protecting Hybrid Grids | Asian Basic and Applied Research Journal

Dynamic Voltage Restorer (DVR), for some important reasons, is utilized in Power Distribution for protecting loads especially critical loads against some power quality issues like sag, swell, harmonics and faults. Fast transient response for compensating voltage quality is an unavoidable factor. Different control topologies have been applied to this device. In this project, a DVR is deployed to preserve a critical load which is connected in parallel with grid and A wind turbine. Several situations of power quality issues have been considered. The simulation results of a proposed system which has been implemented in MATLAB/Simulink show how DVR is effective for protecting loads.

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Development of Resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) Toxin by Insect Pests | Asian Journal of Research in Biosciences,

Insect pests are the primary scourge of agriculture down the ages. It is estimated that 14% of crop productivity is misplaced to insect pests on a global scale. To decrease reliance on insecticide sprays, scientists have genetically engineered plants to make insecticidal proteins encoded through genes from the common bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt). Currently, due to their importance, more than 70 kinds of Cry genes are described (cry1 up to cry70). These endotoxins have been categorized as Cry1–Cry69 and Cyt1–Cyt3 and specific subgroups relying on their amino acid sequence. Of these, some Bt genes such as cry1Ab, cry1Ac, cry2Ab and cry9C are already being commercially used in GMP. The crystalline proteins get solubilized in midgut at high pH, releasing d-endotoxin proteins. The exquisite capability of insects to adapt to Bt-toxin and different manage systems helps the conclusion that evolution of resistance by means of pests is the important hazard to the persevered success of transgenic Bt crop. This paper ambitions to overview the resistance improvement of insect pests towards Bt toxin. Insect populations regularly have herbal genetic variant affecting response to a toxin, with some alleles conferring susceptibility and others conferring resistance. Many laboratory and field researches showed, resistance improvement of insects in opposition to Bt toxin. Field-evolved resistance happens when exposure of a discipline populace to a toxin increases the frequency of alleles conferring resistance in subsequent generations. The chance insect resistance poses to the future use of Bt plant-incorporated protectants haveled into emergence of insect resistance management concept. IRM is of received with the aid of actions taken to prolong the improvement of insect resistance to pest control measures in goal pest populations or by way of practices aimed at decreasing the achievable for insect pests to grow to be resistant to a gene. The danger insect resistance poses to the future use of Bt plant-incorporated protectants have led into emergence of insect resistance management concept.

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STUDY OF THE ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF ESSENTIAL OILS OF CERTAIN PLANTS ON ISOLATED BACTERIA OF MAMMARY MILK IN ALGERIA | BIONATURE

The infection or inflammation of the mammary gland represents a dominant pathology in dairy cattle. The aim of this work was to study in vitro the antimicrobial activity of essential oils of some plants on bacteria which were isolated from mammary milk. The essential oils of Thymus vulgaris, Rosmarinus officinalis, Artimisia herba alba and Myrtus communis were obtained by hydro distillation of the aerial part. They were tested on strains of staphylococci that were multi-resistant to antibiotics which are isolated from mammary milk. The essential oils contents are between a low value of 0.3% for Myrtus communis and a relatively high value of 2.5% for Thymus vulgaris. The different essential oils tested revealed interesting antimicrobial activities. The strongest antibacterial activity was observed for the essential oil of Thymus vulgaris (9-52 mm), while the oils of Rosmarinus oficinalis, Artimisia herba alba and Myrtus communis showed moderate antimicrobial activities (9-19.5 mm). We also determined the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) and the MIC / MBC ratio of Thymus vulgaris on the three multi-resistant strains of staphylococci; it turned out that MIC ranged between 0.01 and 0.016 µg / ml and MBC ranged between 0.021 and 0.078 µg / ml. In the conclusion, Thymus vulgar is revealed a bactericidal effect on the strains tested.

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