Latest Research In Enzymes

Research 1

ROLE OF SOME ENZYMES IN THE DEGRADATION OF ACYLUREA COMPOUND, DIFLUBENZURON IN LIPAPHIS ERYSIMI (KALT.)

The mustard aphid,  Lipaphis erysimi (Kalt.), is a serious pest of Brassica crops in India. The leaf surface treatment of chitin synthesis inhibitor, Diflubenzuron (400 ppm) given to its 2nd instar nymphs (48-52h old) for three time intervals 13, 25, 37h,  induced alterations in its enzymatic activity profile. The assessment of the activity of five enzyme systems involved in growth and metabolism revealed that the activity of group transfer enzyme (Glutathione S-transferases), hydrolytic enzyme (Esterases), and oxido-reductase (NADH oxidase) was induced significantly, whereas,  the activity of two other oxido-reductase enzymes (NADH dehydrogenase and Glutathione reductase) showed no specific alterations. It was concluded, that Glutathione S-transferases, NADH oxidase and Esterases might be involved in the degradation of Diflubenzuron in  L. erysimi.

Research 2

SECRETION OF PECTIC ENZYMES BY ALTERNARIA SOLANI AND ALTERNARIA TRITICINA

The present study deals with the effect of monosaccharide (Glucose) and polysaccharide (Starch) on the production of pectic enzymes (endo-PGTE, endo-PMTE, endo-PG. endo-PMG and PME) in the inoculum of Altarnaria solani on tomato and Altarnaria triticina on wheat in modified Richard's culture medium. Secretion of pectic enzymes as stimulated with monosaccharide by both pathogens but in case of polysaccharide the secretion of pectic enzymes was repressed by both pathogens under similar conditions. The stimulation and repression of pectic enzymes by Alternaria solani and Alternaria triticina depend not only on the nature of pathogen and the host but on the structure of carbo-hydrates.

Research 3

DETERMINATION OF PREVALENCE OF MALIGNANT CATARRHAL FEVER BY USING COMPETITIVE INHIBITION ELISA IN DOMESTIC CATTLE

The aim of this study was to determine the seroprevalence rate of Malignant Catarrhal Fever (MCF) in domestic cattle in Konya. In this study, serum samples were collected from 189 domestic cattle from private five farms in Konya and its environment. Competitive Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (CI-ELISA) was used for detection of antibodies against MCF virus. 23 (12.16%) of total 189 blood samples were found to be seropositive and 166 (87.83%) as seronegative against MCF infection using by CI-ELISA. This is the first time that seroprevalence of MCF have been studied in domestic cattle in Konya.

VISIBLE CHANGES OF CHARACTERS BY ALUMINIUM IN BRASSICA JUNCEA (L.) CZERNJ & COSSON

Abstracts

Aluminium ions exert their effect primarily on the root systems and decreased shoot growth is believed to be a later occurring effect. However, the effects on the aerial parts are not well documented. In our attempt to find a visible marked change of characters, an oil-yielding plant, Brassica juncea was grown in Al-applied soil (100-1000 µg g-1) at 4.5-5.0 pH. The aerial symptoms included inter alia purple patches in leaf margins, panicle collapse, but of interest was a change in colour of flowers from yellow to white in a few plants. Seeds produced by the white flowers were sown in the next generation and the results have been discussed.

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SUPPRESSION OF FALSE POSITIVE REACTION IN SERODIAGNOSIS OF PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS BY ENZYME LINKED IMMUNOSORBENT ASSAY (ELISA) USING BOVINE SERUM ALBUMIN

Abstracts

Several immunodiagnostic tests had been tried for the detection of serum antibodies, in tubercular patients.  However, results were found to present insignificant reproducibility.  The more recent enzyme linked immunosorbent assay was employed in 215, clinically suspected tubercular cases along with 15,  healthy controls.  The assay was performed with and without 0.2 per cent BSA and the extent of cross reaction was assessed to establish the technique for serodiagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis.

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SOMR RARE AND INTERESTING CHLOROCOCCALES FROM JABALPUR, MP

Abstracts

An illustrated account of four members of Chlorococcales is given. Of the four forms three are not only new to Jabalpur but are new records for India.

Very little is known about the Chlorococcales of Madhya Pradesh except Agarker (1953), Dikpoo and Agarker (1975), Shrivastav and Agarker (1974), Gupta and Nair (1962),  Sharma (1958),  Kulkarni (1978),  and Prasad (1961). But nothing is known about this group from Jabalpur except for a few casual references (Philipose, 1967).  With this end in view, a systematic study of the Chlorococcales of Jabalpur was taken up.  During the course of investigations as many as 77 species were collected. They are all new to this region and will be described in subsequent papers. However, three interesting species new to India and one rare one are being described.

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ABO-HP INTERACTION ANALYSIS

Abstracts

Two polymorphic systems, ABO blood groups and haptoglobin types, for 100 families with 281 living children from Patiala have been analysed to test the possible interaction between them.  The interaction was seen in: (a) mother-child combinations and (b) different mating classes.  Significant differences were seen in the ABO compatible and incompatible mother-child combinations. Hp1 gene frequency was high in the ABO incompatible combinations than the compatible.  Likewise when the different matings (H X W) were divided into ABO compatible and incompatible, there was an excess of Hp1 gene frequency in the ABO incompatible matings.

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RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND CORONARY HEART DISEASE IN URBAN PANJABI POPULATION

Abstracts

10.66% individuals with light physical activity, 7.66% individuals with moderate and 3.6% individuals with heavy physical activity have been found to suffer with Coronary Heart disease during the present survey in urban population. The comparison of prevalence rate of CHD individuals from different categories regarding their level of physical activity was found to be statistically significant (x2, 7.3, df = 2, p<0.05). The comparison of prevalence rate of CHD between persons with +ve family history and with -ve family history was found to be statistically significant (x2 = 33.47, df = 1, p<0.05).

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EFFECT OF ALUMINIUM STRESS ON THE BIOCHEMICAL CONSITITUENTS DURING EARLY SEEDLING GROWTH OF MUSTARD

Abstracts

Studies were carried out to evanuate the effect of various concentrations (25, 50, 100, 200, 400 and 800 ug/ml) of different aluminium species on the biochemical constituents during seedling growth of mustard. The aluminium species chosen were AICl3,Al(NO3)3, and Al2(SO4)3. The first observable effect on plant was a limitation in root growth. Higher concentrations (beyond 100 ug/ml) resulted in the death of plants while concentrations ranging from 25 to 100 ug/ml resulted in a decrease in chlorophyll contents but an increase in soluble proteins and total phenol contents. The toxicity series was found to be AICl3> Al2(SO4)3 >Al(NO3)3.

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